{
  "reviewed": "2026-09-26",
  "disclosure": "Citations do not imply endorsement, sponsorship or affiliation.",
  "sources": [
    {
      "publisher": "AMT \u2013 The Association For Manufacturing Technology",
      "title": "About AMT",
      "url": "https://www.amtonline.org/about-us",
      "use": "Industry context and AMT's role in the manufacturing-technology community."
    },
    {
      "publisher": "AMT \u2013 The Association For Manufacturing Technology",
      "title": "U.S. Manufacturing Technology Orders (USMTO)",
      "url": "https://www.amtonline.org/products/usmto",
      "use": "Primary description of the USMTO demand-data program and its coverage limits."
    },
    {
      "publisher": "IMTS",
      "title": "International Manufacturing Technology Show",
      "url": "https://www.imts.com/",
      "use": "Primary event context for the manufacturing technologies shown at IMTS."
    },
    {
      "publisher": "IMTS",
      "title": "IMTS Technology Sectors",
      "url": "https://www.imts.com/show/sectordescriptions.cfm",
      "use": "Primary classification of metal removal, quality, automation, software, tooling and workholding sectors."
    },
    {
      "publisher": "IMTS",
      "title": "Automation Is a Foundational Technology",
      "url": "https://www.imts.com/read/article-details/Automation-is-a-Foundational-Technology/2397/type/Read/1/tab/all-articles?page=1",
      "use": "Industry examples of automation including pallet changers, probing and machine vision."
    },
    {
      "publisher": "Haas Automation",
      "title": "Vertical Milling Machines and CNC Vertical Machining Centers",
      "url": "https://www.haascnc.com/machines/vertical-mills.html",
      "use": "Current VMC configurations and feature categories from a machine-tool builder."
    },
    {
      "publisher": "Haas Automation",
      "title": "CNC Lathes and Turning Centers",
      "url": "https://www.haascnc.com/machines/lathes.html",
      "use": "Turning-center configurations including live tooling, C-axis, Y-axis and dual spindles."
    },
    {
      "publisher": "Haas Automation",
      "title": "Rigid Tapping",
      "url": "https://www.haascnc.com/productivity/control/rtap-3.html",
      "use": "OEM explanation of synchronized spindle rotation and axis feed during rigid tapping."
    },
    {
      "publisher": "Haas Automation",
      "title": "HMC Pallet Pool Introduction",
      "url": "https://www.haascnc.com/service/online-operator-s-manuals/hmc---pallet-pool---operator-s-service-manual/hmc---pallet-pool---introduction.html",
      "use": "OEM operating context for pallet preparation, scheduling and automatic loading."
    },
    {
      "publisher": "FANUC America",
      "title": "CNC Controllers, Controls and CNC Systems",
      "url": "https://www.fanucamerica.com/products/cnc",
      "use": "Current CNC control families and milling/turning control functions."
    },
    {
      "publisher": "Sandvik Coromant",
      "title": "Milling Knowledge: Entering Angle and Chip Thickness",
      "url": "https://www.sandvik.coromant.com/en-us/knowledge/milling/entering-angle-and-chip-thickness",
      "use": "Cutting-tool guidance on milling geometry, chip thickness and engagement."
    },
    {
      "publisher": "Sandvik Coromant",
      "title": "High-Speed Machining Webinar",
      "url": "https://go.sandvik.coromant.com/saam-us-2201-wbn-HSM_LP-OnDemand.html",
      "use": "Manufacturer educational context for high-speed machining strategies."
    },
    {
      "publisher": "THK",
      "title": "LM Guide / Linear Guide",
      "url": "https://www.thk.com/us/en/products/lm_guide/full_ball/",
      "use": "Manufacturer description of recirculating-ball linear guide construction and motion."
    },
    {
      "publisher": "Renishaw",
      "title": "Coordinate Measuring Machines",
      "url": "https://www.renishaw.com/en/--6329",
      "use": "Metrology-system context for CMM probing, sensing and measurement workflows."
    },
    {
      "publisher": "Renishaw",
      "title": "Tool Setting Technology",
      "url": "https://www.renishaw.com/en/tool-setting-technology--32934",
      "use": "Contact and non-contact tool measurement, offset setting and broken-tool detection."
    },
    {
      "publisher": "Makino",
      "title": "Electrical Discharge Machining",
      "url": "https://www.makino.com/en-us/machine-technology/machining-process/edm",
      "use": "Machine-builder overview of wire, sinker and EDM drilling processes."
    },
    {
      "publisher": "UNISIG",
      "title": "Gun Drilling",
      "url": "https://unisig.com/information-and-resources/deep-hole-processes/gun-drilling/",
      "use": "Deep-hole machine-tool builder explanation of gun-drill coolant and chip evacuation."
    },
    {
      "publisher": "STUDER",
      "title": "Cylindrical Grinding Machines",
      "url": "https://www.studer.com/en/cylindrical-grinding-machines/",
      "use": "Builder classification of external, internal, universal and production cylindrical grinding."
    },
    {
      "publisher": "Star CNC Machine Tool Corp.",
      "title": "SR-32JIII Swiss-Type Automatic Lathe",
      "url": "https://starcnc.com/product/sr-32jiii/",
      "use": "Current Swiss-type architecture, guide-bush options and machine configuration."
    },
    {
      "publisher": "Davenport Machine",
      "title": "Multi-Spindle Screw Machines",
      "url": "https://www.davenportmachine.com/machines",
      "use": "OEM explanation of multi-spindle screw-machine architecture and production use."
    },
    {
      "publisher": "Carr Lane Manufacturing",
      "title": "Workpiece Fixture Design Principles",
      "url": "https://www.carrlane.com/engineering-resources/fixture-design-principles",
      "use": "Engineering guidance for locating, clamping and fixture design."
    },
    {
      "publisher": "SMW AUTOBLOK",
      "title": "Self-Centering Steady Rests",
      "url": "https://www.smwautoblok.com/us/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2021/03/SR_EN.pdf",
      "use": "Manufacturer technical reference for self-centering steady-rest configurations."
    }
  ]
}